tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-52389333343701470172024-03-22T04:19:03.404+05:30MY WRITING'''S !!!!!!Started merely out of curiosity, and ended up BEING in love with it >>>>>Prasad Manoharhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08313238661117591025noreply@blogger.comBlogger15125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5238933334370147017.post-75938172441661390692011-04-22T09:20:00.013+05:302011-04-22T21:27:17.259+05:30Decision Support Problems (DSP), A Class of Information System !!!!!!!!!!!!<div style="text-align: justify;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtAFEWzPociDzT6fEbG2mr3bK3hACj0qzu7wqhNL6hAddc1INV3GyrKGT3rUeVHIm3AfAoFvZt9yy8U3V4voqaVA3A_jE9D8HC93cgix4hvi2XegczbDnYhWygkovkKqiF4G3dPuR1HKIo/s1600/image.jpg"><img style="float: left; margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; cursor: pointer; width: 200px; height: 133px;" 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mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; text-align:center; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} </style> <!--[endif]--> <p class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style=";font-family:";font-size:11pt;color:black;" >For those few, who sometimes follow my blog....... this post might seem weird to all of you..<br />I was puzzled even, when I wrote this, and still can't believe myself.. the reason being the content and the subject of this post which you will soon read as you go down.<br />......<br />.....<br />....<br />...<br />..<br />.<br />Anyways leave aside all the mystery or what ever you may want to think about this article, but the idea to write about this topic came to my mind while I was enrolled, in one of my Masters classes ... (a decision that still haunts me big time).<br />The article is about Decision Support Systems or DSP's as you may say. DSP's are kind of information systems useful in making decisions. I would rather stop here, and without defining it further, would come straight to the crux of this concept.</span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:11pt;" ></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:11pt;color:black;" >Making decisions is never an easy job. A lot of things need to be considered before we arrive at a final decision. But here the most critical thing is choosing a decision which has the maximum prospect of success or usefulness and which best fits our aims, wishes, way of life, principles and so on. Decision making is always associated with tentativeness and risks. This is because if you do not have risks then you do not have a decision. In short, decision making is the study of recognizing and selecting options based on the values and preferences of the person who takes decisions.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><u><span style=";font-family:";font-size:11pt;color:black;" >Decision Support Problems – Knowledge based information systems that support decision making activities:</span></u><span style=";font-family:";font-size:11pt;color:black;" ></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:11pt;color:black;" >Decision support problems are a class of information systems which include a wide range of methods from simple manual knowledge based systems to computerized systems. Lately the concept of decision support problems has been used extensively for supporting commerce and trade, and managerial decision-making actions. Also decision support problems make use of a lot of things which include rare facts and figures, papers and credentials, individual knowledge and company models. In general decision support problems make use of record of all the existing assets, relative figures and projected figures based on the current problem. From the point of view of this course, I feel that decision support systems can be an important tool as they can make use of our suitable and available knowledge for improving the effectiveness of our managerial and professional activities. By doing that it can make possible faster decision making, finding out the unwanted or negative qualities, and making better use of available attributes. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:11pt;color:black;" >A simple decision support system can be divided into 6 steps, which can be subdivided into 2 categories namely;</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:11pt;color:black;" >1. Meta Design</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:11pt;color:black;" >2. Design</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:11pt;color:black;" >Meta Design is basically a pre-stage of the actual design stage. Here an important task of dividing the decision problem is done so as to facilitate the future decision making. Also how these decision making plans can be successfully implemented is decided here.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:11pt;color:black;" >In the design category the most important job that is done is that of problem formulation. I feel this step is more important than the earlier one. This is because understanding the problem is more important than actually working on finding its solution. If a person has a clear understanding of the problem, then he can work out its solution after some work. But if he is not sure about the problem itself, how can he move ahead?</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:11pt;color:black;" >When the problem is identified we then need to make use of mathematical methods, to form a good skeleton to make it more abstract. This can be done with the help of some problem related figures, appropriate documents etc. Once we have a proper problem framed in front of us then we can arrive at some numerical solution, with the aid of computers and stuff. As discussed earlier in recent years there has been a lot of computer use in decision problems. Computers make the mathematical part easier. Then comes the stage of analyzing the solution which we just found out, and checking it whether the outcome is in unison with what was expected. It is also important to corroborate the solution by checking whether it waivers away from any of the information present in all the stages which were used in finding the solution.In this way one can easily lay down a simple decision support problem.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:11pt;color:black;" >As discussed earlier about there not being any specific practice of defining decision support problems, the classification of decision support problems is also not fixed. Depending upon how the user copes up with the problem, or how user tries to find a solution to the decision problem, one can divide the decision support problem if they wish. One famous author, whose classification seemed interesting to me, is Daniel Power. (Source: wikipedia). Power differentiates decision support system problems into communication driven, data driven, document driven, knowledge driven and model driven.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:11pt;color:black;" >* Communication driven problems support more than one person working on a shared task.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:11pt;color:black;" >* Data driven emphasizes access to and manipulation of a string of data points of company data which is directly or indirectly related to it. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:11pt;color:black;" >* Document driven system problems deal with recovering and maneuvering unarranged information in some computerized formats.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:11pt;color:black;" >* Knowledge driven is concerned with some dedicated problem-solving proficiencies &</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:11pt;color:black;" >* Model driven problems use numbers and factors given by users to help out people concerned with making decisions in investigating a case.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:11pt;color:black;" >It is clear that decision support problems because of the possibilities associated with it can be used widely and in variety of applications.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:11pt;color:black;" >Some of the fields that employ decision support systems are the field of agriculture, medical field, manufacturing systems, financial market, water management, transportation systems, forest protection etc.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:11pt;color:black;" >I feel that agriculture, water management, forest protection and medical have a lot of serious decision making associated with them. Just to go over this a bit more, currently the problem of water management has high degree of complexity associated with it. Due to growing water problems resulting from reduced rainfall, deforestation etc human societies are getting increasingly concerned about this issue. Also if there is less water the agricultural market is one of the biggest losers immediately. This is because for sustainable development and crop production, water is a must. This makes the job of decision making processes and decision makers even more crucial, so as to come up with improved techniques and practices. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:11pt;color:black;" >Thus in short I feel that, in order to achieve development for the needs of present and future generations, the influence of decision making is going to be vital for raising consciousness and steering growth towards sustainability.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:11pt;" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:11pt;" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:11pt;" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:11pt;" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span 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Manoharhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08313238661117591025noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5238933334370147017.post-13006167559176210152011-02-03T09:16:00.002+05:302011-02-04T08:01:06.220+05:30Are changes taking place in modern warfare engineering system sustainable? Why or why not?<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: times new roman;font-family:arial;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size:100%;" >Few months back I came across the book, </span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size:100%;" ><span id="btAsinTitle" style="">Wired for War: The Robotics Revolution and Conflict in the 21st Century by</span></span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size:100%;" ><span class="contributorNameTrigger"><a id="contributorNameTriggerB001HCYS5S" href="http://www.amazon.com/P.-W.-Singer/e/B001HCYS5S/ref=ntt_athr_dp_pel_1"> P. W. Singer. </a></span></span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size:100%;" ><span class="contributorNameTrigger">The essence of the book deals with a very tricky content taking into account the connection between imaginative scientific innovations and modern day military warfare. Before reading this book I had a totally different outlook towards the current military activities and politically volatile situations around the world. However after</span></span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size:100%;" > going through Dr. Singer’s book as well as hearing from him, the whole idea of modern warfare has changed in my mind.</span><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size:100%;" >With technological progress continuously taking place at a rapid pace, the future of wars seems to be taking an interesting turn. With the introduction of remote controlled weapons, robotic army men, unmanned bomber aircraft's, and nuclear weapons and stuff, I have no idea where these war related technologies are going to lead us. Are we going to get the age old and reliable human destiny of democracy, liberation, independence and liberty? Or do we again have to face the unavoidable sadistic clash of societies on a worldwide scale, due to introduction of these high-tech robotic war systems. The whole world knows the tragedies that people had to face due to different wars that have taken place until now. Be it the first and Second World War, the Gulf War, Indo-China war, war in Kargil, or the latest ones in Afghanistan and Iraq. These wars have caused loss of sovereignty, deflationary tendencies, and the worst of them an unstable world system. Use of technology in wars is ok to a certain extent. But whether a balance of these unmanned robotic engineering technologies is an adequate basis for survival as human beings or as a nation is a questions that needs to be asked.</span> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: justify; font-family: times new roman;font-family:times new roman;"><span style="font-size:100%;">It has been said that necessity is the mother of invention. I think that the upshot is also true; invention is the mother of necessity. Technology and communication are necessitating basic changes in our lives. Information has become accessible in all parts of the world. Due to this, dictatorial administrations in countries are feeling a strong pressure on themselves. The world is very much smaller. One thing we have to accept that even smallest of things, which are not even very serious, happening in certain part of the world <span style="line-height: 115%;">can immediately be heard in other parts of the world – and consequences follow. Scientific innovations are stretching our minds and our grasp of reality to the outermost dimensions of our capacity to understand them. Efforts are being made to know more about the endless horizon of space, mysteries found in the great depths of our seas which are virtually unknown to us and to see whether there is life on Mars and water on the surface of Moon. The scientific education that we have still seems to be just a drop in the ocean. But scientists and researchers do what they are supposed to do. And as an indication of that more than 90000 scientific research papers and journals are written in a year so as to publish the flood of new techniques that come out of different places on the globe. But in recent years due to highly unstable social and political scenario in many parts of the world, ever increasing presence of active rogue and terrorist forces there has been a threat of collision between the good and the evil. Moreover with their capabilities for dangerous purposes and cruel intentions it was getting more and more serious to tackle this issue. Therefore in order to make sure that they seek security and try and reduce the problems that these extremists and chauvinists pose for the mankind, super powers like USA, UK, Japan started to think of some out of box, war systems. And in recent years what has turned out to be one of the most dramatic discoveries, remote controlled weapons are being used in the war-zones. The latest place to witness these modern battlefield marvels being Iraq.</span></span></p><div style="font-family: times new roman; text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: justify; font-family: times new roman;font-family:times new roman;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="line-height: 115%;">Since ancient times there have always been conflicts between two different societies. Be it for political reasons, for wealth, for land, religious supremacy or for being a world power.<span style=""> </span>Although it is seen that the difference between the ancient and the modern warfare, was mostly based on organization than on technology, but still in order to make sure that they do not lag behind in their might of weaponry and arms and ammunition, the countries always kept on working over improving their military strength. Early armies primarily used to have bows, arrows, spears etc. These were the same weapons the early armies used for hunting purposes. As time passed on, people felt that they needed improvements in the warfare technology. So we see that in early armies of Egypt and China massed infantry armed with bows and arrows was being used. Gradually more and more improvements were made with introduction of heavy cavalry, siege engines, and trebuchets. But due to introduction of Iron Age there was decline in the chariot warfare, and increase in the use of metal weapons. Then we witnessed large standing armies and use of military power. In the beginning of 20<sup>th</sup> century urgency was seen in weaponry technology leading to development of long range guns, tanks, machine guns, flame throwers etc. All these weapons were very significant for the future development of war weapons. These deadly weapons were used widely in the First World War. In 1939 there was a growing conflict between the European and American countries, leading to a global military clash or Second World War. It lasted for almost seven years. This period required massive outpouring of manufacturing capabilities. There was a great fusion of man and machine, leading to world’s largest conflict. The growing use of technology was making its presence felt.</span></span></p><div style="font-family: times new roman; text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: justify; font-family: times new roman;font-family:times new roman;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="line-height: 115%;">In the past 6-7 years the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq have been a major source of debate. Lot has been said about the way the American military along with their allies handled the situation in these places. The Vietnam War which lasted for almost 20 years had already created a sense of insecurity, tension and doubt among the people of America. The tension was regarding the ability of government to win a war. And in the first decade of 21<sup>st</sup> century the same feeling is gripping the entire nation again. Most of the effects of these wars are clearly seen and felt. In an effort to bring justice to their country, they decided to use all the power they had so as to teach the perpetrators, who created tremendous destruction, a nice lesson. In the attacks that took place in USA, there was a large scale destruction of human life, economy was badly affected, tourism got affected and most important of all there was insecurity among the people. Hence in there war against the terrorists along with the traditional war technologies in 21<sup>st</sup> century which involved machine guns, tanks, aircraft carriers, atomic cannons, bofors guns, aircraft mounted guns, air launched missiles, rockets and torpedoes and bomber aircraft’s and helicopters, there was use of computer controlled weaponry of all kinds on such a large scale.<span style=""> </span>There were robots from the size of small flies to a conventional robot similar to a normal human, being used on a large scale. These robots and other unmanned weaponry have been able to locate the culprits deep within caves. The remote controlled drones as they are called since the war in Afghanistan, take out terrorists from places where human soldiers find a difficult time to fight against their rival opponents. However as far as my personal opinion is concerned I am against the use of these high tech war systems. This technological escalation has since ancient times been a source of dominance of one civilization over another. In these wars up till now, millions of people have lost their life. Not just from the enemy side but even the soldiers who were fighting for their country had to sacrifice their life for their motherland. However these killings are still continuing and the end does not seem to be near.</span></span></p><div style="font-family: times new roman; text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: justify; font-family: times new roman;font-family:times new roman;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="line-height: 115%;">Motives of sophisticated technology, modern engineering systems used in war, seem to have a deeper meaning and desire to me than just a triumph necessary over the evil. On one side it is said that it is important to conserve the human race while on other side each day along with hundreds of militants some innocent people have to die. It is ok that the modern robotic arms and unmanned weapons have been developed after years of research and hard work. But just like humans can make a mistake we cannot expect these weapons to 100% accurate in their tasks. As a result theses robots have unnecessarily killed too many people. It is not easy to distinguish between a culprit and a normal person, particularly in places where the entire surrounding is full of blood, sorrow and unhappiness. We cannot just rely on machines every time to be our slave. Machines have certainly made our life easier and happier. But to get work done from them especially for a volatile situation such as war seems difficult for me to understand. Every year millions and millions of dollars are being put into research and development of these deadly machines. Unfortunately I have a feeling that the authorities are keener on establishing their supremacy and worldly influence in general. The technological escalation and the increasing amount of time that is spent by the government in an engagement with these modern war tools may be literally showing us the inability to imagine and think in any other way to compete or show off their strength. Technological progress is good, but mindful utilization is the key here. It is well known that more the scientific and engineering development more will be the dependence of human beings on these highly efficient but dangerous machines. And more the dependence the chances of over utilization and being a slave to these “automatic men” increases. Also it is fine if these automatic weapons are used for the welfare of mankind. But if people start taking undue advantage of these weapons, then surely one or the other day, weapons are bound to backfire at some point in the future. Also nations in the hunt to be super powers try and get all the latest possible technologies, in this case getting equipped with robotic and unmanned weapons. But they should keep in mind that, this should not arouse ill wills in the mind of other world countries. What I mean here is if such weapons are used for showing up their prowess, then other countries will be forced to do more research on developing more technologically sound weapons, which are no good for environment and society. I feel that such a race is more dangerous for sustainability of these war systems. The cost of these weapons is very high, and for using them continuously over a period of time like in case of Iraq War, the participating countries had to spend millions of dollars to accomplish a war mission overseas. And in spite of doing this if they are not able to achieve success then what is the point of using them? There are still thoughts about the horror in Vietnam and the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq have created doubts about American judgment, about American credibility, about American power- not only at home but throughout the world. At least now the authorities should understand that robotic warfare is not going to solve their problem. The people know this and hence they no longer have a delusional notion that their country could take on any power anywhere in the world and come out victorious. What I feel that they decided to use these weapons, with a faulty assertion and a defective intelligence.</span></span></p><div style="font-family: times new roman; text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: justify; font-family: times new roman;font-family:times new roman;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="line-height: 115%;">To conclude I feel that I don’t really have the authority to make a statement, that these modern robotic engineering, are going to last long or are going to be sustainable in today’s fast changing world. But I am inclined to say that their use should be stopped or at least limited to a certain situation. In spite of using such systems, if a country remains skeptical about the success, then what is the point of getting engaged in an overseas situation which is not going to be of your use or vital to your interests. So I am afraid I won’t accept use of such engineering systems, which are not sustainable for a better environment, society and a nation’s economy.</span></span></p><div style="text-align: left; font-family: times new roman;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; font-family: times new roman;font-family:times new roman;"><span style="font-size:85%;"> </span></p><div style="text-align: left; font-family: times new roman;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: times new roman; text-align: left;"> </p><div style="text-align: left; font-family: times new roman;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: times new roman; text-align: left;"> </p><div style="text-align: left; font-family: times new roman;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: arial; text-align: left;"><br /></p>Prasad Manoharhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08313238661117591025noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5238933334370147017.post-52760621441949586512009-05-06T16:04:00.002+05:302010-03-05T10:21:17.575+05:30Billion Votes Mandate 2009:<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Never have the elections in India been so clumsy & unpredictable than they are this year. With so much of political drama, feeling of uncertainty among parties regarding their fate, the Indian Lok Sabha Elections 2009, is no doubt the hottest topic, which has attracted the attention of the Indian masses in general.<br /><br />Since the day, the Election Commission announced the poll dates, all the major political players’ started taking rigorous efforts to highlight the developmental plans they had undertaken for the people. The future projects they will offer for the betterment of the people were also given top priority. But in all this the most interesting thing that this election has on offer, is not the usual two way tussle between Congress and the BJP. In fact with the numero uno post in sight, two other fronts started their campaign trail and bring their Priministerial candidate in the fray. They are the third front and the fourth front. The CPI led 3rd front led by Mr. Prakash Karat and the so called 4th front which has Railway Minister Lalu Prasad, SP leader Mulayam Singh LJP leader Ram Vilas Paswan. With these parties giving a major fight this time, outcome on 16th May will be really something to watch out for.<br /><br />The Congress suffered severe setbacks in its initial campaign days when important alliances like that of Health Minister Ramadoss, Railways Minister Lalu Prasad parted ways with the party. The BJP too were in for shock when its long term ally Navin Patnaik left their side. Then there was the Varun Gandhi incident which gave the anti BJP or anti NDA parties, a chance to have a strong attack on their opponents. His severe remarks against the non-Hindu people landed him in jail, only to be out on parole for a few days when he had spent sometime in jail. Then there were some shoe throwing incidents on some of countries top leaders, which continued a phase of uncharacteristic campaigning this time. All these acts were nothing but a sheer example of the enormous anger and resentment the people are having for the current politicians.<br /><br />Lower voter turnout in the initial phases of this mandate have made this election totally unexpected and one where every party has to keep its fingers crossed and hope for the best.</span></span>Prasad Manoharhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08313238661117591025noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5238933334370147017.post-87050386611294104302008-12-14T19:19:00.004+05:302010-03-05T10:21:56.706+05:30Need to introduce personality development courses in regular college curriculum.<meta equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="ProgId" content="Word.Document"><meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 11"><meta name="Originator" content="Microsoft Word 11"><link rel="File-List" href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CADMINI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml"><o:smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="country-region"></o:smarttagtype><o:smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="place"></o:smarttagtype><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:worddocument> <w:view>Normal</w:View> <w:zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:punctuationkerning/> <w:validateagainstschemas/> <w:saveifxmlinvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:ignoremixedcontent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:alwaysshowplaceholdertext>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:compatibility> <w:breakwrappedtables/> <w:snaptogridincell/> <w:wraptextwithpunct/> <w:useasianbreakrules/> <w:dontgrowautofit/> </w:Compatibility> <w:browserlevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:latentstyles deflockedstate="false" latentstylecount="156"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]><object classid="clsid:38481807-CA0E-42D2-BF39-B33AF135CC4D" id="ieooui"></object> <style> st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } </style> <![endif]--><style> <!-- /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0in; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} a:link, span.MsoHyperlink {color:blue; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single;} a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed {color:purple; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single;} p {mso-margin-top-alt:auto; margin-right:0in; mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; margin-left:0in; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} span.indquotelink {mso-style-name:indquote_link;} span.authortext {mso-style-name:author_text;} span.yshortcuts {mso-style-name:yshortcuts;} @page Section1 {size:8.5in 11.0in; margin:1.0in 1.25in 1.0in 1.25in; mso-header-margin:.5in; mso-footer-margin:.5in; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> </style><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;} </style> <![endif]--> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-family:times new roman;"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">Every person feels that he should have some characteristics, certain attributes which can distinguish him from everybody else around him. It can be anything, may be your temperament, way of interacting with others, ability to handle tough situations, or say presence of mind. All these qualities are unique. It is very rare to find all such features in an individual at the same time. But if someone has them, he will surely be a person who will be very much respected in the society. Personality is another such characteristic which is distinctive and can make a person very unique. Personality is what makes a person a unique person, and it is recognizable soon after birth.</span></span></span><span class="authortext"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"> </span></span><a href="http://www.finestquotes.com/author_quotes-author-Charles%20M.%20Schwab-page-0.htm"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">Charles M. Schwab </span></span></span></span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">has described in very simple sentence that </span></span></span><span class="indquotelink"><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">Personality is to a man what perfume is to a flower.</span></span></i></span><span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></i></span></p> <p style="text-align: justify; font-family:times new roman;"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">The phrase ‘personality’ is derived from the Latin word </span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">persona</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">, meaning the disguise which the artists wore on the Greek and Roman stage to differentiate their roles and increase their voices. It was used to mark off the individuality of or difference between one man and another. The act of enhancing this trait is known as personality development. In simple words Personality development is the developing of a personality cult so as to create a strong positive influence about self with the targeted group, or in general; and more relatable aspect of such personality is to sustain and prove in a long run. In other words Personality development is the development of the organized pattern of behaviors and attitudes that makes a person distinctive. Personality development occurs by the ongoing interaction of </span></span><a href="http://www.enotes.com/childrens-health-encyclopedia/temperament"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">temperament</span></span></span></span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">, character, and environment.</span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"> </span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">In recent years personality development has created a lot of attention. Now the reason I feel this change is taking place is due to the race to be the best in this competitive world. World is moving at a rapid pace. You have to keep pace with it, if you fail to do so you will struggle. So in order to succeed and stay alive in this competitive world you have to do some thing different. Personality development helps an individual in making him aware of his talent and taps his good qualities. By doing something in a different way, a person can create his own identity. And today’s youth are certainly up for it.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-family:times new roman;"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">It is very aptly said that youth will reshape the world. Today’s youth are smart and independent thinking. They are the leaders of tomorrow. And so they should learn and try to practice virtue of discipline. But some where there is a sense of overzealousness, tendency to move fast. He has a lot to say, but some times he just fails to deliver it. And so he accepts things views as they are. In such situations if he is guided properly and taught to deal with things in calm manner he will surely succeed. Personality development helps in injecting just the spark that is needed to accomplish something. </span></span><a href="http://www.worldofquotes.com/author/George-Gurdjieff/1/index.html"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">George Gurdjieff</span></span></span></span></a></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"> has aptly said that </span></span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">Personality in man is what is "not his own" . . . what come from outside, what he has learned, or reflects, all traces of exterior impressions left in the memory.
<br /></span></span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">Students now days due to their hectic academic schedule don’t have enough time for other extracurricular activities. So if personality development courses are made available to them in their schools or colleges, students will definitely benefit from them. Personality development in general revolves around three aspects; firstly physique then the intelligence and finally the temperament. Generally in students the qualities of temperament and intelligence are determined by conditions in their academics. The experiences that a student gets during the course of his school life firstly and then his junior and higher classes, contribute in a large number of ways to the formation and development of his personality. When a student gets into a school his main aim is to do well in his studies, and lay a solid foundation for his future education. But in addition to that he has to keep a close watch on his extracurricular acts, which project his persona. Unfortunately at such a young age he is unaware of all this. In such a situation, it is the duty of the institute to make the students aware of things that matter a lot apart from the academics and which play a far more vital role in their life. But at school level it’s ok, if the authorities fail to impart knowledge about personality development. And so importance of college becomes very important as it is this place where students are much more matured and have to handle lots of critical issues.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-family:times new roman;"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">There has been growing interest & keenness of personality development in the college going chaps. Western countries, which are economically and culturally quite different from </span></span><st1:country-region st="on"><st1:place st="on"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">India</span></span></st1:place></st1:country-region><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">, were the first to realize importance of enhancing the personality. They had a strong insight, which helped them realize that it is the student class which is vital for nation’s development. Due to fast changing nature of the industries, business firms this concept came to </span></span><st1:country-region st="on"><st1:place st="on"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">India</span></span></st1:place></st1:country-region><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">. But like in western countries, it did not get inducted in regular college academics here in our country. The personal and professional development plan helps to improve our capacity to understand what and how we are learning, and to review, plan and take responsibility for own learning and career choices. If a course in personal and professional development planning is started in colleges it will help in a structured and supported process undertaken by an individual. It can reflect upon their learning, performance and achievement and to plan for their personal, educational and career development. Personality development can boost self-confidence and increase staunch faith in a students own ability and power to undertake the task in hand with utmost confidence in order to make life really successful and happy. Colleges should try to be more agile and make students aware of what they already have in their life and what they are grateful for and then make them think about what is missing, what they want. Awareness has to come first, because without an awareness there can be no conscious decision to take action. Becoming aware also means asking your self different questions and then seeking out the answers. Personality development lectures if introduced can help in making students ponder over whether “there must be more to life than this?" By doing this your mind is already making an assumption that there is more to life and as if by magic you start to see things around you that maybe you did not notice before. Noted thinker </span></span><span class="authortext"><a href="http://www.finestquotes.com/author_quotes-author-Mae%20West-page-0.htm"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">Mae West</span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"> </span></span></span></span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">has very correctly said that</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"> </span></span><span class="indquotelink"><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">Personality is the glitter that sends your little gleam across the footlights and the orchestra pit into that big black space where the audience is.</span></span></i></span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></i></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-family:times new roman;"><span><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"> </span></span></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-family:times new roman;"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">Personality development helps in making an individual flexible and willing to change his approach if things are not working. Sometimes when you set your mind to do something, with a set plan, things don't always go smoothly. Remember that as long as you are clear about your destination, you can always change your route, it may take you longer, but as long as you get there in the end. In colleges students have to go through a lot of hard work, there are assignments, homework, seminars, presentations and what not. Students have to do all this in prescribed time, which if not completed puts them in further trouble. By starting personality development courses in regular curriculum it can help students visualize their goals on a daily basis. After all it is all about believing in your abilities. As one </span></span><span class="authortext"><a href="http://www.finestquotes.com/author_quotes-author-Dr.%20White-page-0.htm"><span style="text-decoration: none; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">Dr. White</span></span></span></span><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"> </span></span></span></span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">has very rightly said that </span></span></span><span class="indquotelink"><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">Personality is a mask you believe in.</span></span></i></span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">
<br /></span></span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">Also if a </span></span><span class="yshortcuts"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">personality development centre</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"> is made active in every college, every student can engage in a creative process with like minded students. This can boost ones confidence and make one more social to know that there is someone else too who has the same interests as you have. These personality development centers should have a counselor too, who can give an ear to personal problems and provide the right direction to the student. The aim of such courses in college should be boosting confidence and raising self-esteem of particularly those students who have the ability but don't have the dash or the guts. <o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-family:times new roman;"><span><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"> </span></span></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span><span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">So summing up Life’s success lies in becoming a good human being and developing the personality acquiring good virtues and high morals and not in gaining high post or authority. So if an individual has to perform well and be the best, it is more of his inner skills, his flair and confidence rather than bookish wealth. These paper based things are just like our beauty aids they don’t increase the beauty but just assist in outer brilliance. So if personality centers are opened and made compulsory in colleges they will surely be a great boon for the students. On personal front, I had great experience. During my early days of graduation I found it hard to cope up with the immense workload and pressure to deliver in a big way in exams. Initially I didn’t do my self any good by scoring below the distinction mark, but later I joined the personality development course outside the college which changed my life completely. They made me think positively and helped me in coping stress due to academics. Since then I am a totally changed successful chap. So if such courses are compulsorily made a part of the curriculum they would not only help in creating successful students but also good human beings. </span></span></span></span><o:p></o:p></span></p> Prasad Manoharhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08313238661117591025noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5238933334370147017.post-4205098154167795562008-12-01T18:41:00.011+05:302009-05-15T11:18:30.809+05:30Terrorism And Indian Politics .....<div style="color: rgb(204, 255, 255);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Terrorism, a horrifying situation is a state, which impresses an organized system of using of violence or threats to influence the conduct or urge to comply of another.<br />The attacks on the World Trade Center in New York, the Pentagon in Washington DC, the Parliament House in New Delhi, the Bali bombings and attacks in London shook up the world and indeed made terrorism, its gruesome presence felt and highlighted the shocks that terrorism can unleash on humanity. Many parts of the world had been facing terrorism and urging for international action for facing the dreadful menace. Minor wakeup calls were coming up time and again, but the world did not do much beyond paying lip service to its cause of fighting terrorism. After such horrendous acts if terrorism comes to an end, it will be the most fortunate moment when the hopes and dreams of the people all over the world will be materialized. The world will be free of corruption, hatred, jealousy and with unity and integrity among the people. But, the euphoria will be soon marked by the tensions followed. On the other hand, if terrorism wins, then the world should be doomed to be doomed at the hands of terrorists for all the time to come.<br />Now one of the most important questions that come to our mind is how to control and overcome this menace. It’s very difficult to tell, because even after lots and lots of efforts that have been taken to overcome it, it shows its might in some or the other way. So it’s doubtful to say whether, it can ever be overcome or not. In fact, it feels very sad in saying this, but I have come to a conclusion that it will never end and will continue for years until some strict action is not taken by the world leaders against the dreadful acts of terrorists. It will never result in bringing and establishing peace anywhere in the world. The beautiful and spiritual places in the world will be battered, coupled with polarization of masses on religious grounds and petrified and helpless citizens of the world.<br /><br />India in particular, is facing the problem since many years. Many actions have been tried and tested which can tackle this threat to some extent, but the results have never been on our side as our neighboring countries are the hub of all these activities. Terrorism has become a menace for India. No part of the country is unaffected by terrorism. Every time an attack takes place, the government puts the blame on `failed' intelligence and even after years, the cases remain unsolved. INDIA has been a soft target for the Pakistan and Bangladesh based terror-outfits for quite some time. While jihad against India has been the focus and main agenda of the Islamic terrorists, Kashmir issue, Babri demolition and Gujarat riots have become convenient reasons for the so-called liberals, secularists and rights activists to justify the actions of the terrorists. The bogus - worldly politicians, who fight with one another for acquiring the Muslim vote-bank, do not show the resolve and honesty to put an end to this briskly increasing menace. After our country got independence,, congress came out as one of the most strong party. Since then their presence has been more or less similar, until some 10–12 years ago, their position has started facing tough competition from other parties. As the Congress Party lost its foothold in many states over a period of time since Independence, the regional parties, which gained and captured power, have also been not far behind the Congress in appeasing the minority community. This vote-begging attitude of these fake parties lined the way for the rise of the fundamentalists to carry on with their holy plan through their priests, who have been continuously triumphant in their pacts with political factions. The officials, in their hunger for power, adopted troublesome course of action to divide the masses along social group and class lines, as at the same time, they paid special on capturing votes of minority class people by persuading their spiritual heads, whose directions are followed and obeyed by the people. The successive governments started curbing the privileges of the majority community, while giving undue privileges to the minorities. These governments allowed the minority communities to have separate personal and civil laws instead of ensuring a Uniform Civil Code despite directions from the Apex Court based on Article 44 of the Constitution. The official machinery remained as mute spectator when the minority community took the law into its hands. Lack of will to curtail the mushrooming of madrasas, lack of control over the growing fundamentalist organizations like the Students Islamic Movement of India (SIMI), Al-Umma etc have emboldened the local ’jihadi’ elements to connive with foreign terror outfits, resulting in frequent terror attacks on our soil. In 2004 the Congress government with the help of some other parties came to power again. It has been quite a long period of 4 years now that they are in power. In these 4 years there has been an opportunistic alliance of minority appeasing pseudo-secular parties and Islamic terrorism has increased manifold. The situation has gone beyond control to such an extent that the ’jihadis’ have started striking at will in trains, buses, markets, malls, temples, mosques, theatres and even courts. The only places, which are left untouched, are police stations! Some of the terror attacks which took place since the UPA government came to power shed some light on the hopeless sutuation of internal security in our country<br /><br /><br />July 5, 2005: Terrorists attacked Ram Janmabhoomi, Ayodhya.<br />July 28, 2005: Around 15 killed and 52 injured in an explosion on board Shramjivi Express at Jaunpur, in UP<br />March 7, 2006: 28 people killed and 62 injured when 3 bombs went off through the sacred town of Varanasi, including the famous Sankat Mochan Hanuman Temple and the railway station.<br />July 11, 2006: Seven bomb blasts within eleven minutes on the suburban trains in Mumbai, killing 186 people and injuring more than 800.<br />February 19 2007: 68 people killed and dozens injured after four explosions on board the Lahore bound Samjhauta Express.<br /><br />May 18, 2007: Ten killed and more than a dozen injured in a blast at Mecca Mosque in Hyderabad. Five more killed when police fired at an unruly Muslim mob when it tried to attack the police.<br />May 13, 2008: 60 killed and 150 wounded in a series of bomb blasts in Jaipur, Rajasthan. Apart from the above mentioned terror attacks, the country has also been facing consistent assaults by the Naxalites in and Maoists in states like Orissa, Chhattisgarh and Andhra Pradesh.<br /><br />The alliance government scrapped the most essential law like POTA, on the first day it took office. The prime minister loses sleep on the plight of the family of terrorists and terror suspects. The home minister doesn’t even have a clue on what, when, where, why and how such attacks are happening, one minister of state for home, ceremoniously visits the places of attacks and makes repeated statements condemning the attacks. The whereabouts of another minister of state for home, appointed just to satisfy an alliance partner, is not known at all. The national security advisor, every now and then, lists the susceptible targets of terror attacks and fund raising avenues of terror outfits, creating panic in the minds of the people. The extra constitutional authority remote controls the government and official machinery and makes them subservient and ineffective just to keep the nation divided on communal lines. The annual report of the Union home ministry has confirmed the involvement of Pakistan in most of the terror attacks, which have happened on our soil. It is reported that the Pak based terror organizations like Lashkar-e-Toiba (LeT) and Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM) have been active from across the border and have been involved in major attacks. Also, the Bangladesh based organization Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami’s (HuJI) involvement has been on the increase, it is said. All these organizations have been sending well-trained militants to set up ’sleeper cells’ and to ensure connectivity with one another by forming a network of sorts. The home ministry’s report claims that the government has banned 32 groups as terrorist organizations under the provisions of Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, as part of its counter measures. It claims that the Centre has increased strengthening of coastal security network, deployed para-military forces in sensitive areas, heightened the vigil in and around vital installations and enhanced the communication network of intelligence agencies and sharing of intelligence between Centre and states through well coordinated efforts. But the ground reality is totally contradicting the claims made by the ministry. In fact, the terrorists are active and effectively executing their attacks in Congress and Left ruled states like Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, West Bengal and Kerala, which goes to prove that the areas of appeasement are more prone to attack. . In reality, the coordination and sharing of intelligence by the terrorists seem to be better than the intelligence agencies and security forces! Every time an attack takes place, the government puts the blame on ’failed’ intelligence and even after years, the cases remain unsolved and the perpetrators remain at large planning their next attack. The long and snail paced investigation process, lack of courage to get into the Muslim dominated areas and make them cooperate with the investigation, unnecessarily yielding to the pressure tactics and secular threats of the so called intellectuals, liberals and rights activists, who interfere and block the process of investigations and execution of judicial orders, the long delay in judicial processes and the absence of a stringent law like POTA, have all weakened the police forces, intelligence agencies and law enforcers.<br /><br />A total wiping out of terrorism may not be practically possible, but, to make concentrated efforts to finish terrorism with an iron hand should be order of the day in the present day situation. In a country like India, it is very difficult as its neighboring countries are the hub of all these activities. For this, there should be collective action. Terrorism is not only brutal, but also a crime against the whole of humanity. Leave aside people, now the outlook is scarier, because, virtually, all the countries will have to be on guard against enthusiasts driven by religion bigotry, who think nothing of killing themselves in the aid of their dubious cause. They are so blinded by their religious frenzy that they seem to be devoid of all the normal human agitations of mind. The insane killings of blameless people including women and children like in Godhra Riots are no concern for them. The world powers will have to take a lead hand is this matter not only because they have equipped resources and useful tactics to tackle this menace if all. If unchallenged, these elements will ring the death knell of modern civilization. If they can dare to take on powerful nations like US, India, UK, one can imagine how vulnerable other countries would be. Our country, however should take appropriate stand to be effectively involved in the worldly fight against terrorism without giving up friendship of any nation. It is necessary to tell them that the clock cannot be turned back to the dark ages.<br />I think I should stop here saying that, there is no point in thinking whether terrorism can be overcome or not and whether it will bring to effect the calmness and peace, as it is the crying need of hour. The destructive acts of the mercenaries involved in terrorist groups, has forced all peace loving nations to come together. But then also these unprovoked acts of terrorists will only end in leading to evil and deadly as it is said by noted thinker Barry Farber;<br /><br />"Crime expands according to our willingness to put up with it."<br /><br />Terrorism will come to an end only by itself, when terrorists get tired or run out of resources.</span></div>Prasad Manoharhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08313238661117591025noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5238933334370147017.post-86992041312886376182008-06-05T18:05:00.008+05:302010-03-05T10:19:34.164+05:30Salient features of Indian T.V serials, to which people are falling prey since a long time.<span style="font-size:100%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><br /></span></span><div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(204, 255, 255);font-family:trebuchet ms;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">1. Most notable feature is that an individual can have an affair and marry a girl any number of times. No restriction imposed on them. I wonder in which house, the parents give a go ahead, for such behaviour.</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><br /><br /></span></span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">2. Economic or financial clout of the people is always well to do. And even if that isn’t the case there are always a few generous people who kkkkkkome forward to lend a helping hand to them.</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><br /><br /><br /></span></span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">3. Another striking feature is that everybody, in spite of their status, resides in grand houses and bungalows and in posh localities, with all the modern facilities. I sometimes wonder whether the terms middle class people or low income group does really make any sense ?????????</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><br /><br /></span></span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">4. The main occupation of such people is always some or the other kkkkkkind of business, which has made them so wealthy that within no time they become world renowned without much efforts >>>>>>>> . That’s why these money machines have to do with frequent foreign trips, meetings with foreign delegates, seminars & …………..But they are not shown, working in their offices???</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><br /><br /><br /></span></span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">5. Due to such a busy schedule, they don’t have time, to just have a chat, sit together with their family members. They even don’t know what exactly is happening in their house, is everyone okkkkkk….. Or not. These things get clear only when they meet each other during the frequent grand parties, that seem to go on and on and on n n n……….</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><br /></span></span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">6. Before coming to the next point, I would like to ask you 1 question. Is there only one temple in the entire country? I am asking this because all the religious functions, puja’s, and most importantly the marriages, all take place at the same temple.</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><br /><br /></span></span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">7. Last but not the least is the dressing. All the characters’ are loaded with fancy dresses and heavy jewellery [keep an eye on the female section ]. I don’t know where people live in such a fashion , right from morning when they get up from the bed to the time of going to sleep. After all there is a limit to show off. </span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><br /><br /></span></span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">Now after going through all these points people should know that these dramas are no where near depicting the life of a common man. These serial’s studded with all non sense stuff and are far far away from reality. I wonder what people find in them to watch it every day without fail. And even if they are a few minutes late then the reaction is, Oh! it’s 8.10 we are late, shitttttttt shitttttt . It’s 8.35 what happened in the first 5 minutes ???????? The serials take away people from reality and divert their day to day life , force them to change their thought process. </span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><br /><br /></span></span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">But as we know “ tali kabhi ek hath se nahi bajati “ The producers are not oafs to create such sort of dramas, until they have backing up from some one, and in this case it’s the tasteless audience. More over these the people who come forward to fund such ‘ gira hua’stuff. So now it’s up to a few intelligent brains to take some step and prevent such degrading stuff from flourishing further……</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:130%;"><br /></span></div>Prasad Manoharhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08313238661117591025noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5238933334370147017.post-62436694583449920562008-04-29T14:04:00.010+05:302010-03-05T10:22:40.947+05:30Earn and Learn: In Demand<div align="justify"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">Not many branches needed such drastic changes after our country got Independence, as did the area of gaining proper education. During the pre-Independence era, when the Britisher’s, introduced their system of education in India, it was a bit divorced from the practicalities of life. So quite a few people, who were concerned about the schemes of learning, came together and formulated a scheme of education. By this they were keen to make learning self dependent for finances and to see that every individual after completing his schooling was in a position to make a living. This method also helped in the all round development of the child. Now after 60 years of Independence, we can be proud of all the things that we have achieved in the field of education. But still there is a long way to go and be competitive in this fast paced field of education, where always some new things pop up day in day out. But today’s educated youth of India have the capabilities as all educationalists say,<br /><br />“YOUTH WILL RESHAPE THE WORLD”<br /><br />India can look forward to it’s student class, to solve the grave problems of illiteracy, lethargy of people, unemployment etc. I intend on saying this because, the foundation of every state is the education of its youth. It’s not easy, but for solving them, we can look forward to students and students only to make this beginning. This is just because they are more passionate and capable of working hard. They can, by their dedicated hard work and devotion, inspire people and set an example to arouse people’s enthusiasm.<br /><br />Now as discussed above, in this race, according to me, the western trends, the lifestyles and the culture there, play a really significant part. And it is not without foundation either. Be it a language or fashion or technology or attitude or lifestyle, the impact western culture has on today’s youth is indeclinable. Even if the power on popular culture is difficult to miss, other western inclination is catching the liking of today’s youth and it is the need to gain financial freedom earlier in life. In the western countries a popular way of teaching young minds for the world that awaits them after education is through internships and temporary jobs alongside their education. It helps prepare students in various ways including the clearing of pre-conceived notions about what a certain job may involve unavoidably, the work pressure involved and hence helps them to see if they are really cut out for the job and if it truly makes them happy. But out here in India we largely omit such “earning while learning “opportunities in the mainstream education. But now it is this trend that is slowly but surely gaining popularity, with more young people entering the job market for part time or summer jobs. Up till now, back here, students finished their studies, even higher studies in some cases under the financial care of there father and mother. The parents not only funded their fellows for their education but also took care of their pocket money to meet their day to day needs. But this concept of earning while learning is gradually changing the thought process amongst the youngsters. For getting greater independence, the search of these youths has taken them to a point where they now take the financial responsibilities at a younger age. They are now looking for favorable conditions to work part time or taking up summer jobs while pursuing their academic likings. Some may be wondering what made this new trend so much favorable. It is really simple, because the youngsters get experience, makes them financially independent and intensifies and heightens their career.<br /><br />Now a day’s in spite of doing well in the academics, no one can guarantee himself of getting a good job. Many a time’s the applicants are asked about their work experience. In such circumstances if a student has taken up some part time job in some firm, along with his academics, that can be a blessing in disguise for him in the near future. Youngster’s can choose a job that’s related with his field of study or liking. This way by the time he graduates, he has on his hand a CV with work experience. His job stint helps him gain practical knowledge in the field he chooses. However in all this the level of responsibility an individual is thrusted depends on the level of expertise the company is looking for and the degree of experience the student is seeking.<br /><br />Financial independence is another talking point amongst the youngsters for the ‘earn while learn’ concept. Whether you are a teenager or 20 something, getting yourself a part time job means you will have that much more dough to splurge on the latest in electronic items, traveling, partying with friends, visiting entertainment zones and much more . By this students feel good for not having to depend on their parents for money. They can pay at least something, if not entirely, for their food, their college related stuff etc.<br /><br />Enhancing ones career is other important feature, tempting individuals, who come under the category of full time professionals. These people who are waiting to pursue higher education are quite keen to embrace the earn while learn strategy. Such people can undertake some Correspondence course without leaving their day job.<br /><br />Now after having a look at all these features one can certainly feel rosy and enthusiastic enough for embracing this upcoming culture. But even though visible prospects are very colorful and tempting, an individual should not at all forget that<br /><br />“Life is not a bed of roses. It may spring upon sudden jerks and speed breakers “<br /><br />Nothing can be taken for granted. And one experiences this in a real sense when a young student sets out in this big bad world to prove himself, which has lot of things to teach him , offer him, certain things which he has to take note of and follow them in practical life. One must carefully look into these offerings which will be helpful to him all his life.<br /><br />Personality development of the individual is one such major asset when he enters the job market. Earning while learning certainly boosts your level of confidence and helps in achieving a balanced and graceful personality and with this one can face any test or interview with smartness and élan. The experience can definitely help one to score a point over your counterparts who have not faced any such situation. The virtue of earn while learn also teaches a youngster how to make right decisions at the right time. It will also help you to be hard working and a sincere person and these are certain sought for qualities. This concept also teaches an individual how to utilize the time spent with an organization to explore ideas and test his practicability and who knows he might just land himself a permanent job after completing his education. Whether or not a youngster enjoys being part of a firm at a young age, one gets to see at least how a real firm is run. This can probably help youngsters in reshaping the career options after seeing his job practicability in a way as what you aim for may not always be what you like. For example while wanting to do a technical course as a career one opts to earn by looking after plants in his backyard or in the garden in front of his house, it may dawn on you that plants or trees are your first love. You may realize that you are a born naturalist and can never be happy in technical gadgets. Then why stifle a budding horticulturist or a botanist?? Who knows you may decide to take a sudden career shift that can satisfy you all your lifetime!!!! Also while, one’s on a job, he has to face the world while he works because you are always treated as an adult and there are no concessions once the money factor enters any situation. By this way one gets to know people, their personalities and how to handle different categories of people. One comes to understand the world and makes ones thinking rational and practical. He thus learns about the work culture of an organization when he enters the job market as a full time professional. Learning to communicate well with your colleagues, your bosses, your customers will also go a long way in preparation for your future job. One can develop public relation skills more than any thing else. But whatever the reason and duration of your part time job make sure you learn as much as you can while you are there. With this regard, a well known thinker has aptly said,<br /><br />“ Don’t think that you know everything, but ever be learning more and let that learning touch most on the practical concerns of your life “<br />Also during your stint as a part timer keep in mind that the basic rules at any job are the same. Example: When it comes to attitude for work, etiquettes and attire follow the same principles and rules as you would for a permanent job. And in all this focus on the money aspect only if your family in not in a position to help you financially with your education. If money is not a factor consider your job as an unpaid internship for learning some valuable lessons about yourself and your interests. Thus these monetary matters teach a youngster that earning money is no cakewalk and this realization increases ones endurance capacity and helps to control temper tantrums. It helps him in making him realize the stark difference in time spent in earning money and spending money. As Charles Dickens puts it in his epic David Copperfield that “Annual Income 20 pounds and Annual expenditure 21 pounds the result is MISERY. But Annual Income 20 pounds and Annual expenditure 19 pounds the result is HAPPINESS”.<br />This worldly knowledge at an early stage will help one to attain the qualities of effective budgeting or money planning. If youngster at least has a sense of realization about these things, it will not be an exaggeration if it is said that by this our personal family bonds shall surely be warmer. Last but not the least earn while learn should not remain a bookish phrase but should be adopted as a national culture as a score of hard working young generation will lead India to a leading position.<br /><br />But what ever nice the prospects may be, just like a coin has two sides, certain class of people have been able to show some loopholes in this revolutionary feature of earn while learn. The main reason for their dissatisfaction to such a system is because of its effect on, both the physical and mental state of the students. According to the parents and the members of the teaching class, although students might claim that working helps them gain experience and earn money, the effect of juggling studies and work can be clearly seen in their academic grades. They also opine that although a few manage with par time jobs being regular at classes and getting fairly good grades, for others the distractions of work are obviously too much. Some parents also feel that, even if their wards are earning some money by taking up some job, there’s really no need for them to do so. They think that they are giving enough money to their children. However these people are mostly from the upper middle class income group. Thus the reasons vary from person to person. The views of teachers suggest that students who work late into night might exhibit fatigue and lack of concentration and awareness in the classroom. Also some studies show that college students, who work, may suffer from stress and nutritional deficiencies. Such cases are generally seen in call centre jobs where there is a culture of recruiting mostly non graduates by paying them considerable pay packages. But in spite of all these things, it is very rare that work interferes to the extent of inducing some students to drop out off college.<br /><br />Thus after going through these issues on a very detailed note, though one finds a few drawback’s in it, overall it certainly projects some really nice things. With a planed manner, it can make individuals live a better life. Seeing the positive side and hoping to eliminate some of the disadvantages, a number concerned authorities have shown keen interest to promote the earn while learn concept. The growing trend, has even led to some Universities follow this culture. And now that quite a few jobs are at hand for the students, even the teaching class has a certain amount of satisfaction. Of course it solely depends on the liking of the students to choose a certain job. Now a day’s event management, business promotion, assistant technicians, industrial survey jobs are quite in demand. Some may even try their hand at small level entrepreneurship opportunities like running a cafeteria, cyber café, food stalls etc. Some weekend jobs like the ones in retail trade help students work, with out missing their classes. Thus in a broader sense the earn while learn concept is an encouraging thing for the youth of free India, to cherish and stand tall with pride.<br /><br />Remember:<br /><br />God has not promised<br />Skies always blue<br />Flower- strewn pathways<br />All our life through<br />God has not promised<br />Sun without rain<br />Joy without sorrow<br />Peace without pain<br />But God has promised<br />Strength for the day<br />Rest for the labour<br />And light for the way<br /><br /><br />******!!!!!******!!!!!******!!!!!******</span></span></span></div>Prasad Manoharhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08313238661117591025noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5238933334370147017.post-82795281328107934252008-02-28T15:17:00.013+05:302010-03-05T10:23:20.796+05:30Veryyy Very KKlever ,,, iS"NT IT !!!!!<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_ZrShPiTte6c/R8aO-GfBu_I/AAAAAAAAACM/vUXo9y0Eqrk/s1600-h/cover_scrabble_freak[1].jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5171978419625376754" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; CURSOR: hand" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_ZrShPiTte6c/R8aO-GfBu_I/AAAAAAAAACM/vUXo9y0Eqrk/s200/cover_scrabble_freak%5B1%5D.jpg" border="0" /></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span><div><span><span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Someone out there either has too much spare time or is deadly at Scrabble.</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">DILIP VENGSARKAR ::::::::: When you rearrange the letters:::::: SPARKLING DRIVE<br />PRINCESS DIANA::::::: When you rearrange the letters::::::: END IS A CAR SPIN<br /><br />MONICA LEWINSKY:::::: When you rearrange the letters::::::: NICE SILKY WOMAN<br />DORMITORY ::::::: When you rearrange the letters:::::::: </span></span></span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">DIRTY ROOM<br /><br />ASTRONOMER:::::::: When you rearrange the letters:::::::: MOON STARER<br />THE EYES ::::::::: When you rearrange the letters::::::: </span></span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">THEY SEE<br /><br />GEORGE BUSH :::::::: When you rearrange the letters:::::::: HE BUGS GORE<br />SLOT MACHINES::::::: When you rearrange the letters::::::::: </span></span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">CASH LOST IN ME<br /><br />ANIMOSITY :::::: When you rearrange the letters:::::: IS NO AMITY<br />ELECTION RESULTS :::::: When you rearrange the letters:::::::: LIES - LET'S RECOUNT<br /><br />SNOOZE ALARMS:::::::: When you rearrange the letters:::::::: ALAS! NO MORE Z 'S<br />A DECIMAL POINT::::::: When you rearrange the letters:::::::: </span></span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">IM A DOT IN PLACE<br /><br />THE EARTHQUAKES ::::::: When you rearrange the letters::::::::: THAT QUEER SHAKE<br />ELEVEN PLUS TWO:::::: When you rearrange the letters:::::: TWELVE PLUS ONE<br /></span></span></span><span><span><em><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">AND FOR THE GRAND FINALE</span></span></em></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span><em><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">MOTHER-IN-LAW</span></span></em><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">::::::: When you rearrange the letters::::::: </span></span><em><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">WOMAN HITLER</span></span></em></span></div>Prasad Manoharhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08313238661117591025noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5238933334370147017.post-47189232701776984532007-08-11T11:16:00.006+05:302010-03-05T10:40:14.474+05:30So .......... Finally .............A full stop on the Bombay Blast Case { B B C }<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_ZrShPiTte6c/RuUIXtLhlgI/AAAAAAAAAB8/RWDtdDGDUkk/s1600-h/10blast[1].gif"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5108498555679643138" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_ZrShPiTte6c/RuUIXtLhlgI/AAAAAAAAAB8/RWDtdDGDUkk/s400/10blast%5B1%5D.gif" border="0" /></a><br /><div><div><div><div align="justify"><span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Never in the history of Independent India has there been a case ,as lengthy and awaited as the Bombay Blast case .This historical BBC, finally terminated on July 31st 2007.<br /><br />Death of around 258 people , injury to 713 , people charge sheeted 189, conviction for 100 out of 123 tried , witnesses of 687 people ……… hufffffff !!!!!!!!!!!!!! , pages required for recording statements – about 20000 , lifer for 20 , death for 12, acquittal for 23 ………………….. number of black apron individuals appearing in the trial – nearly 60, & around Rs .50000 per annum --- cost of trial for a accused .<br /><br />These figures , might take some time , for large number of people to digest . But the 14 yr saga of the BBC , from March 12, 1993 when it all started , till July the 31st – the ultimate judgment day of the case , had to end some day . On the last day Sanjay Sunil Dutt , the popular film icon & a lovable cinestar for quite a few , was sentenced to 6 yrs in prison. The entire nation was eagerly waiting for Judge P.D Kode to announce the verdict in case of Munnabhai . But this man , the most protected judge in the state ,the only judge to have an insurance cover of Rs.25 lakh and the most protected judge in Maharashtra who is on Z-Security list, with all his experience , ensured that the right decision was made by giving Dutt this sentence .<br />And finally when it came ,it turned out to be a shock for a few & a correct decision for some others . But does his glamorous background and celebrity status should really be taken into consideration in one of the country’s most important cases ?????????????<br /><br /><br />COMMENT >>>>>>>>>>>>>><br /><br />After all crime is crime and there is no point in discussing over its degree of severity. The prosecutor has done a great thing, in not showing a lenient stand toward the Bollywood idol. </span></span></span></span></div></div></div></div>Prasad Manoharhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08313238661117591025noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5238933334370147017.post-16998626196198109482007-08-01T12:28:00.007+05:302010-03-05T10:40:51.166+05:30“ GLOBAL WARMING ”<div align="justify"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Nature is such a thing under whose lap no one can get bored .And hence it is aptly said that “ The nature and it’s beauty is an art of God “ .The beauty of nature can really mesmerize anyone and one has no other option than to appreciate and get engrossed in it .But one can not tell when it’s calmness and tranquil may take a violent turn . After all we can not command the environment around us except by obeying her. Destruction caused by tsunami’s, earthquakes, draught, and heavy rains is a clear indication of that .But slowly and slowly these pleasures and thrills of nature are being overpowered by the scientific technologies and modern day innovations , as a result of which the world now is looking at menaces like environmental pollution , Green House Effect and Global Warming . But among these the most talked about problem which is catching every ones attention is that of Global Warming.<br /><br />Global Warming is an increase in the average temperature of the earth's surface. This is because, since the mid 1800’s human activities mainly clearing of land, burning of fossil fuels like coal, oil and natural gas have increased alarmingly. Fig’s clearly indicate this .Since 1800’s the temperature has increased about .3 to .8 degree centigrade .Because of this, the amount of atmospheric gases that help in catching of heat , has increased greatly. These gases are known as the Green House gases .Due to burning of coal, oil, petroleum and other such stuff Green House CO2 is generated. This burning mostly takes place in four wheelers, power stations, mills and factory facilities .As mentioned earlier the factor of land clearing, reduces the amount of trees. Trees take up CO2 and give out O2. As a result amount of plants that remove CO2 are getting reduced. This is increasing the Green House Effect. Greenhouse Effect is a warming of the lower atmosphere and surface of a planet by a complex process involving sunlight, gases, and particles in the atmosphere. Some scientists are however of the opinion that this effect started long before human beings came into existence , and their activities just has added to the effect. This effect has derived its name from the fact that that atmosphere consumes heat from the sun just as the roofs and walls of green house which trap heat from the sun.<br /><br /><br />In Greenhouse Effect the atmosphere reflects toward space about 30 per cent of the energy in incoming sunlight. The atmosphere absorbs about another 30 percent and the remaining 40 percent or so reaches the earth's surface. The earth's surface reflects about 15 percent of the solar energy that reaches it back toward space. The remaining energy heats the lands and seas. The warmed lands and seas then send most of the heat back into the atmosphere, chiefly as infrared rays. But even after finding out all these things, putting in research, there are some scientists who are not taking it that seriously. According to them the potential impact of this warming trend is not that much serious. But their fellow brothers who know that is not true, keep on working and finding out evidences and try and tell the world people that this threat of Global warming is really dangerous. They have examined evidences from distant parts to determine whether changes in CO2 concentration cause temperature changes. Cores of ice drilled from great depths in Greenland and Antarctica provide record for the past 16000 years. During those times climate warmed and cooled several times. Researcher’s analyzed gases and other substances that were trapped in ice when it formed. Use of high speed PC’S which are being used to study how CO2 concentration may affect temperature of earth, have shown that these gases will cause shifts in surface temperature. Mathematical formulation, relations and different scientific models that describe relationships between changeable factors have suggested that 2010’s may be too late to avoid some damage from Global Warming.<br /><br /><br />The threat of global warming could alter the ecology of many parts of earth. For E.g. : Global Warming could change the pattern of rain , melt enough polar ice to raise sea level , increase the havoc caused by tropical storms , lead to shift in plant and animal population , ocean currents , wind pattern and also make some areas cooler than they are . One remote thing that can even take place is rise in percentage of winter snowfall, which may cause advancement of ice sheets. The seas like the North Sea and the Arctic Sea are losing their ice and are warming too. In short, water masses are going to overflow heavily and pose a threat to low lying coastal areas, many of which are densely populated. Among these the major cities that strike our mind are London, Rio de Janeiro, Mumbai, Tokyo and Bangkok. Due to this loads of people will go hungry and many more will have nowhere to live. Also disasters caused by calamities like Hurricanes and typhoons will be larger - a big worry for people living in south of United States and in tropical Pacific or Indian ocean areas like Philippines islands and Bangladesh . Deserts will probably increase amount of rain, as a result of which there will be more floods. Global warming is not only going to be a threat for subjects like sea level and coastlines, but areas like agriculture , forestry and wildlife will also be under its hammer . It could have a beneficial impact in some areas and harmful impact on others. E.g.: People can begin farming activities where it is currently too cold while some areas where farming is currently practiced might become barren. The breathtaking beauty of natural parks and forests is for seeing and appreciating for what they are. But Global warming may not spare them. Here we can take the example of Grand Canyon National Park in the States. The scenic views are going to get reduced speedily due to increasing Green House Gases coming from Los Angeles which is about 480 Km away . These giant global utilities, providing essential services to humanity on a large scale and which help maintain ecological balance may lead to mass extinction and other harmful effects. The tropical rain forests which help in regulating out climate and sustain the life of some of our poorest people on earth are going to get reduced very rapidly. Due to this the Amazon rain forests in and around the South American nation of Peru, which is a source of 20 % of world’s oxygen will be under threat.<br /><br />Now if we turn our attention to our country, situation here is also going to be grim. Scientists have already started calling Delhi 2020 as the year without winter. Areas of Gangetic & Brahmaputra plain have started transforming into one vast dust bowl. According to scientists, Mumbai will be at the top of list of cities that will bear the burnt of this fury. The part of Arabian Sea near Nariman Point is going to get inaccessible and the bustling skyscrapers will be turned into monumental tombstones due to watery grave. In the North the Tibetan Plateau will shrink from 5 lakh sq km to 1 lakh sq km if current warming rates persist. In agricultural sector, wheat yields will fall by 17 % by rise of even a half a degree centigrade. Food grain production will drop by nearly 30 %. With erratic rainfall and decrease in precipitation levels, India’s forests would deplete rapidly and countries mangroves that are rich in bio- diversity could be wiped out because of rising sea levels. 25 % of flora and fauna in India would become extinct by 2030. In health sector diarrhoeal diseases associated with floods and draughts could go up. Coastal water temperature could help spread cholera; heat stresses would cause deaths. Vector borne diseases, like dengue & malaria are expected to rise sharply as changes in temperature will make it conducive for mosquitoes to thrive.<br /><br />After seeing the immense harm that Global Warming will cause, scientists are now working hard to find ways to combat this menace. They are recommending reduction in emission of Greenhouse gases. According to them the least controversial way to reduce such emissions would be to use gains in efficiency to decrease use of energy. E.g.: Manufacturers would adopt more efficient processes to produce goods. Makers of electrical equipments would introduce more efficient motors, light bulbs and other devices. Instead of using incandescent bulbs, compact fluorescent lamps or CFL should be in use; which consume only ¼ th of electricity and lasts longer. New manufacturing equipments and new devices like these might be more costly than replaced. However savings resulting from decreased energy consumption might help make up for extra costs. As a result new technologies would reduce emissions and save money. Experts have also offered a number of more controversial strategies for E.g.; Government could create regulations that specify type of technologies used or the amount of fossil fuel burned. Many policy analysts recommend that governments consider tax on emissions of green house gases. Another option would limit amount of green house gases each nation emits from industries, vehicles etc. Switching to bio fuels instead of petrol or diesel should be compulsory .It is seen that for every litre of petrol consumed, about four Kg of CO2 gets injected into the atmosphere. So just think about it .Under this plan each country could receive emission permits that could be bought and sold .Richer nations with higher emissions per person could purchase permits from poorer nations with lower emission per person . Thus more developed countries would have incentives to create & use more efficient technologies and less developed countries would receive money that could be used to aid their development. Planting large number of trees is another thing that could make a difference. Trees are best sinks of CO2. Scientists have calculated that if every human being plants one, we would have six billion trees growing. That could take away thousands of tones of carbon dioxide from atmosphere.<br /><br /></span></span></span><span><span><span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">The worldly nations have been together quite a few times for discussing on the issue of Global Warming. In 1992 the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro hammered out a Framework Convention on Climate Change to bring down the level of carbon dioxide emissions worldwide. The Kyoto Protocol, its implementation arm, had called on developed countries to reduce their Green House gas emissions to 1990 levels by 2010 - a 5.2 % reduction. But all these things have become a thing of past. Countries have shown a deaf ear to all these discussions. They aren’t taking steps in the right direction. Warnings have been coming extremely thick and fast. We are facing a global climate crisis. It is deepening. We are entering a period of consequences, as a well known scientist has said “A nation that destroys it’s environment destroys itself “.<br /><br />Global warming is a big threat to the world nations. If we don’t act now it may be too late. It is only human beings who have done this; it is only they who can save our mother earth! So let us join hands and propose way’s in which harmony of humankind and nature can flourish , making the years ahead a brighter tomorrow for us all.<br /><br /></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /><br />************* ^^^^^^^^^^ ************** ^^^^^^^^^^</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"> **************</span></span></span></span></div>Prasad Manoharhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08313238661117591025noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5238933334370147017.post-32403397447528046522007-07-09T17:36:00.004+05:302010-03-05T10:41:26.709+05:30Can Terrorism Establish Peace ??<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_ZrShPiTte6c/Rpcg1aOUlvI/AAAAAAAAABM/8OMWMbfVQSg/s1600-h/ConfrontingTerrorismII-X%5B1%5D.gif"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5086570406082811634" style="margin: 0px 0px 10px 10px; float: right; width: 345px; height: 376px;" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_ZrShPiTte6c/Rpcg1aOUlvI/AAAAAAAAABM/8OMWMbfVQSg/s320/ConfrontingTerrorismII-X%5B1%5D.gif" width="317" border="0" height="320" /></a><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Terrorism, a horrifying situation is a state, </span></span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">which impresses an organized system of using of violence or threats to influence the conduct or urge to comply of another.<br />The attacks on the World Trade Center in New York, the Pentagon in Washington DC, the Parliament House in New Delhi, the Bali bombings and attacks in London have indeed made terrorism, its gruesome presence felt and highlighted the shocks that terrorism can unleash on humanity. Many parts of the world had been facing terrorism and urging for international action for facing the dreadful menace. Minor wakeup calls were coming up time and again, but the world did not do much beyond paying lip service to its cause of fighting terrorism. After such horrendous acts if terrorism comes to an end, it will be the most fortunate moment when the hopes and dreams of the people all over the world will be materialized. The world will be free of corruption, hatred, jealousy and with unity and integrity among the people. But, the euphoria will be soon marked by the tensions followed. On the other hand, if terrorism wins, then the world should be doomed to be doomed at the hands of terrorists for all the time to come.<br />Now one of the most important questions that come to our mind is how to control and overcome this menace. It’s very difficult to tell, because even after lots and lots of efforts that have been taken to overcome it, it shows its might in some or the other way. So it’s doubtful to say whether, it can ever be overcome or not. In fact, it feels very sad in saying this, but I have come to a conclusion that it will never end and will continue for years until some strict action is not taken by the world leaders against the dreadful acts of terrorists. It will never result in bringing and establishing peace anywhere in the world. The beautiful and spiritual places in the world will be battered, coupled with polarization of masses on religious grounds and petrified and helpless citizens of the world.<br />A total wiping out of terrorism may not be practically possible, but, to make concentrated efforts to finish terrorism with an iron hand should be order of the day in the present day situation. In a country like India, it is very difficult as its neighboring countries are the hub of all these activities. For this, there should be collective action, which may include global economic sanctions against the countries that support and finance terrorist activities anywhere in the world, and direct military intervention by multinational forces of army. In fact, world does have the capabilities to put curbs on terrorist activities significantly, if the world government gives green signal to do so.<br />Terrorism is not only brutal, but also a crime against the whole of humanity. Leave aside people, now the outlook is scarier, because, virtually, all the countries will have to be on guard against enthusiasts driven by religion bigotry, who think nothing of killing themselves in the aid of their dubious cause. They are so blinded by their religious frenzy that they seem to be devoid of all the normal human agitations of mind. The insane killings of blameless people including women and children like in Godhra Riots, are no concern for them. Indeed, these demented mercenaries may find cause from such barbaric terrorist attacks. It can only lead to war and destruction and nothing else.<br />The scope from inflicting value of what is lost on a very great degree has been increased by the deadly nature of advanced destructive weapons. It is evident enough, that if these insane groups of terrorists are to be stopped, the intelligence agencies of all the countries, especially, the countries, which are targeted by the terrorists have to step up their levels of co-operation. The world powers will have to take a lead hand is this matter not only because they have equipped resources and useful tactics to tackle this menace if all. If unchallenged, these elements will ring the death knell of modern civilization. If they can dare to take on powerful nations like US, India, UK, one can imagine how vulnerable other countries would be. Our country, however should take appropriate stand to be effectively involved in the worldly fight against terrorism without giving up friendship of any nation. It is necessary to tell them that the clock cannot be turned back to the dark ages.<br />The war of the worldly nations with the countries representing the act of terrorism will indeed be the second world war of twenty first century. Only time will tell us if this is the dangerous war, the great French scientist Nostradamus describes as the third World War, that will last for twenty seven years! The world will hope that at least this time Nostradamus ascertains his geniuses as incorrect and the world war will be able to extend to enjoy a time for peace and serenity of feelings, howsoever, nice handling is essential.<br />I think I should stop here saying that, there is no point in thinking whether terrorism can be overcome or not and whether it will bring to effect the calmness and peace, as it is the crying need of hour. The destructive acts of the mercenaries involved in terrorist groups, has forced all peace loving nations to come together. But then also these unprovoked acts of terrorists will only end in leading to evil and deadly as it is said by noted thinker Barry Farber;<br /><br />"Crime expands according to our willingness to put up with it."<br /><br />Terrorism will come to an end only by itself, when terrorists get tired or run out of resources.</span></span></span>Prasad Manoharhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08313238661117591025noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5238933334370147017.post-66773900869245321782007-07-09T17:32:00.004+05:302010-03-05T10:42:02.045+05:30A Great Revolutionary – “Veer Savarkar “<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_ZrShPiTte6c/Rpcbi6OUluI/AAAAAAAAABE/sgH48_ueApk/s1600-h/Savarkarphoto[1].jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5086564590697092834" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; CURSOR: hand" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_ZrShPiTte6c/Rpcbi6OUluI/AAAAAAAAABE/sgH48_ueApk/s320/Savarkarphoto%5B1%5D.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><div align="left"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">In politically fallen , socially degraded and finanacially ruined Hindustan the eighteen eightes and the eighteen nineteens witnessed the darkest period in the history of our country. The first peep of dawn in the form of the reforms of 1909 was still to come . The dawn of 1919 was beyond the horizon, The spiritual planets like Maharshi Karve , Swami Dayanand Saraswasti and Swami Vivekanand were kindling light of social regeneration and reawaking the Indians to their spiritual heritage . The revolts of Ram Singh Kuka , Vasudev Balwant Phadke had disturbed their thought for a good while . The Ilbert Bill fomented the growing ill feeling towards the British rule . Dreading the resurgent revolts aimed at the overthrow of its power , the British government was deeply engrossed in finding out a safety valve for the passage of the wrath of Indian Revolution . Two events lypified the year 1883, Swami Dayanand Sarswati , a leader of renaissance , was at the end of his earthly pilgrimage and Vasudev Balwant Phadke , the rebel , laid his bones in Aden , longing for the establishment of an Indian Republic . In such an atmosphere surcharged with unfulfilled aspirations was born Vinayak Damodar Savarkar on Monday , the 28th of May 1883 at 10 PM at Bhagur , a village near Nashik<br /><br />Savarkar springs from the illustrious caste of Chittapavan Brahmins that produced Nanasaheb of 1857 fame , Vasudev Balwant and Lokmanya Tilak , all of whom strove to snatch the crown of independence from the hands of the British . The blood , bones and brains of such ancestors encouraged this epic figure of Indian Revolution , Vinayak Savarkar , who declared a war of liberation of Hindustan .<br /><br />Vinayak , the infant Jahagirdar was sent to the village school at the age of six. Soon he showed signs of his remarkable inborn genius . He loved poems and his studies were intense. Vinayak was hardly ten when all the well known newspapers from Poona accepted his poems not knowing that the contribution came from a ferocious lad. In 1893 , serious riots broke out between the Hindus and the Muslims in the Azamgarh district and in August of the same year in Bombay. The news of the atrocities then perpetrated on Hindus , gave encouragement to his blood and he resolved to avenge the woes and deaths of his co-religionists. Savarkar then led a batch of selected school mates in a march upon the village mosque. The battalion of these boys showered stones upon it, shattered its windows & tiles and returned victorious. This incident gives the first hint of the heroic mettle Vinayak was made of & the key to his future daring life & leadership.<br /><br />Around 1896,Maharashtra stood between famine , plague , cholera & death . The countless miseries of the famine & plague – striken masses and the excesses committed by the soldiers infuriated the Chaphekar Brothers of Poona and they shot dead the British plague commissioner , Mr. Rand and one British officer Mr.Ayerst on June 22,1897 in Poona. For this they were hanged.<br /><br />In the year 1899 , Savarkar had an attack of small pox at Nashik and as a result he was back to Bhagur. There the horrible news of Chaphekar’s heroic ends , reached his ears . It drove Savarkar to grim resolve .This was the most important incident which gave him encouragement to take a vow of liberating his motherland when he was hardly sixteen.In 1899, Savarkar with his friend Mhaskar & Page shaped a friends union called Mitramela .The Mitramela sprouted into the world famous Abhinav Bharat Society. In 1904 its network spread over the western and central India & subsequently its branches in the form of Gadar Party resounde in Britain , France ,Germany, America, Honk kong, Singapore and Burma .The aim of Mitramela was absolute political Independence of India and it emphatically asserted that such an independence could be won if need be, by an armed revolt.<br /><br />In Dec , 1901 Savarkar passed his matriculation exam and left for Poona in 1902. In 1904 Savrakar passed first LLB exam . He then went to Bombay to study Law . In 1906 he went to England .During those days , revolutionaries from Russia , China , Myanmar , Egypt and Ireland took shelter in London occasionally . During his stay his main objective was to have a look at the den of the Britishers , to learn how to organize a revolution & carry on the struggle for the liberation of Hindustan .Savarkar reached London in the first week of July 1906, & took his lodging at the India House founded by Shyamji Krishna Verma .<br /><br />Around 1908 , Savarkars revolutionary activities increased .Svarkar & his Abhinav Bharat were busy writing , printing ,packing, & posting all the explosives and inflammatory literature .Pistols were smuggled through books and false bottom of boxes.He then also started learning the art of making bombs from a manual given to him by a Russian chemical engineer .<br /><br />On July 1st 1910, steamer Morea was to convey Savarkar to India . It started from London. Savarkar escaped from the porthole of the ship on July 8th ,1910. Savarkar’s thrilling escape crossed the oceans . However the Britishers caught Savarkar once again . After that he was brought back to India . On 15th September 1910 , all the search work began under the leadership of Sir Scott . On 24th Dec , 1910 , the court was fully packed to hear the decision on Savarkar . The decision was given at last . Savarkar was sentenced to life imprisonment at Kalapani . In 1911 one more decision was sentenced on him and that too was for life imprisonment . His release would now be on 24th Dec . Savarkar arrived in Andaman . Room no .7 was his living place now . The three storeyed cellular jail was waiting for him . Slowly & slowly Savarkar started to face the atrocities . His body was tiring , but still his love for the motherland forced him to face them . After that the Governer of Bombay Sir George Llyoid arrived for the talks on Savarkars release , but some conditions were laid on him which were as follows ;<br /><br />He should not go beyond Ratnagiri .<br />He should not participate in politics for the next five years.<br /><br />Situation forced him to agree and at last on 6th Jan , 1924 Savarkar removed the prisoners clothes . He started social work in Ratnagiri. On the 10th of May ,1937 due to efforts of Jamnadas Mehta he got the permission to go out of Ratnagiri. He then came to Bombay and started living in his own house, Savarkar Sadan . But Savarkar was now becoming tired and was nearing death . On 28th May 1943 he gave a slip to death and stepped in his 61st year . On 15th Aug , 1947 India became Independent . Savarkar unfurled the national tri colour in his house & saluted it. At last , Savarkar thought , that his efforts for the liberation of Hindustan were helpful . On 9th February , 1963 condition of Savarkar deteriorated very much & at last he died on 4th November 1963 .<br /><br />Savarkar , one of the makers of modern India would be a beacon of hope , courage and guidance.</span></span></span></div>Prasad Manoharhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08313238661117591025noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5238933334370147017.post-58258085091137392852007-02-18T08:16:00.006+05:302010-03-05T10:42:34.487+05:30Environmental Pollution >>>>>>>>><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">The act of releasing any solid, liquid or gaseous substance in such a large concentration that it tends to be injurious to environment and hazardous to the environmental components is termed as Environmental Pollution.<br /><br />The environmental pollution is the price we are paying for modern civilization and material progress. It literally means making foul, filthy, and dirty. Environmental Pollution is our enemy numero uno today. There is an all-round pollution everywhere in the atmosphere, on the lands, and in the seas. The air around us is polluted by the smoke and various gases puffed out by vehicles and factories and by the tremendous use of modern chemicals.<br /><br />Basically the environmental pollution is of three types;<br />1) Air Pollution<br />2) Water Pollution<br />3) Noise Pollution<br />Radiation pollution & Soil pollution are the other types of pollution which are picking up their pace in recent years. But out of all these Air pollution is the most hazardous. It is a serious problem in industrialized & congested cities. Heavy traffic and use of modern chemical fertilizers pollute the air and posses terrible health hazards. Pollutants like HF, H2S, and SO2 even if present in small amounts in air are dangerous and result in dreadful diseases like respiratory paralysis, bronchitis, fibrosis, cardiac and pulmonary disorders. The tragedy that occurred on Dec 3rd , 1984 due to leakage of Methyl isocynade affected lakhs of innoscent residents very badly. Among our cities which are dangerously polluted each day may be mentioned Kolkata, Mumbai, Chennai, New Delhi, and Ahmedabad. These are on the brink of total misfortune resulting from upsetting the balance between living beings and their surroundings. Water bodies like river and lakes are also the victims of environmental pollution. Huge industrial and chemical wastes are dumped into them from factories killing the flora and fauna. As a result the polluted water destroys agricultural products. It corrupts the soil and makes it useless.<br /><br />Noise pollution is termed as a silent killer. In recent years, noise pollution has increased to a great extent. Generally hearing capacity of human beings is of 180 dB, but above 140 dB noise is undesirable by the recipient. Loud noise affects the human beings in many ways. Continuous exposure to loud noise may bring about a permanent loss of hearing. Heart beats of a person increase. Brain and lever of a person are also affected. A person may be disturbed emotionally. Plants are also affected due to loud noise. The rate of process of photosynthesis declines. Household appliances , loudly played radios & TV’s , vehicles and small industries add to increasing noise pollution. But of all pollutions noise pollution is the easiest one to control, but the people must be aware of it. So a great environmentalist says that “ Let silence whisper peace into your ears “ . Like noise pollution , Radiation pollution is also dangerous . Nuclear activities and nuclear tests lead to radiation pollution. The radioactive substances and their by –products remain in the atmosphere for a long period of time and pollute the air . These pollutants destroy the human chromosomes and genes and bring about permanent hereditary disorders. So radiation pollution is very dangerous.<br /><br />Environmental pollution is the reason which helps in the poisoning of air and harms the ozone layer of the earth , which protects us from the harmful ultraviolet radiations of the sun. If the ozone layer is destroyed mankind will perish , from the harmful radiations. So we must fight this evil with all our might.<br /><br />But although , environmental pollution seems to be dangerous and difficult to control it is in our own hands to fight this evil. So we must take effective and efficient steps to control it. The vehicular and factory smoke should be reduced by modern equipments like gas absorbers , wet collectors , bag filters , oxygen furnaces etc. Some efficient method of disposing of garbage which is pilling up at an alarming rate in many parts of the cities should be developed . The dumping of chemical wastes of factories into the rivers and seas should be stopped. We should plant more trees , protect forests and bring about more gardens and open spaces . This is because trees act as bio-monitor for the problem of environmental pollution . Hence , it is said that<br /><br />The enemy’s enemy is a friend , pollution is our enemy , trees are our friend which eliminate it.<br /><br />Many institutions and organizations in our country and abroad should propagate important values relating to environmental pollution . Recycling as a means of controlling environmental pollution should be brought into use on a large scale. Interestingly ways of recycling cans, newspapers, glass bottles, rubber and other articles of daily use should be found out.<br /><br />Due to all these sorts of pollution taking place in the entire world mankind is on the verge of extinction. So the sooner we take effective steps against this act , the better it is for the welfare of mankind.</span></span></span>Prasad Manoharhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08313238661117591025noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5238933334370147017.post-25793710842421054302007-02-11T22:37:00.003+05:302010-03-05T10:43:12.367+05:30Solid Waste Management :<span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Ours is an age of science and around us are the ‘fairy tales of progress in the long march ‘of time. Today our life depends upon innumerable things which come in this world by the sincere efforts of our fellow scientists. In one word they can be termed as the wonders in today’s world. Because of such things tomorrows world promises to be a better place for man to live. However this situation is rapidly changing its form & on the contrary making life difficult. Let me explain why I think so.<br /><br />Industrialization has increased which is causing rise of slums, filth, and squalor. Our moral and spiritual progress has failed. Thus the filth, dirt, garbage, waste are the price we are paying for modern civilization and material progress. The useless and unwanted materials which lie unused and unproductive are causing harm to our environment, which is on the verge of ecological disaster. Hence sooner or later it is important to take effective steps to avert this tragedy for the betterment of mankind .It can be done by proper management of these substances.<br /><br />Material that is discarded because it has served its purpose or is no longer useful is called solid waste. Improper disposal of municipal solid waste can create unsanitary conditions, and this condition in turn can lead to pollution of environment and to outbreaks of vector-borne diseases. The sources of solid waste include residential, commercial, institutional and industrial activities. It includes decomposable food waste, dry material such as glass, paper, wood, cloth, bulky items such as old refrigerators, couches, large trees, rubber & plastic items, waste from nuclear reactors etc.<br /><br />The tasks of collecting, treating and disposing of solid waste are technically challenging.<br />They also pose wide variety of administrative, economic and social problems that must be managed and solved. It is labor intensive activity, accounting for approx. three quarters of total cost of solid waste management. Public employees are often assigned to the task, but private companies like to do work under contract to the municipality. The task of selecting an optimal collection also plays an important part. Nowadays many communities have started conducting source separation & recycling programmers near the drop off centers started by them.<br /><br />The ways of treatment and proper management of the solid waste are discussed below<br /><br />Plastic: Plastics account for almost 10 % by weight of the content of municipal garbage. Plastic containers and other household products are increasingly recycled and for that they are sorted at the source before processing. Various thermoplastics may be remolded and reformed into new products. The most widely recycled types are the polythene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, and polypropylene. Thermoplastics may be remolded and reformed into new products. Egg: Polyurethane and epoxy resins are ground or shredded for use as fillers or insulating materials. So called bio degradable plastics, include starches that degrade upon exposure to sunlight.<br /><br />Paper and other cellulose products: One of the most readily available materials for recycling is paper. The stream of waste paper consists principally of newspaper; office, copying and writing paper; computer paper; colored paper; paper tissues and towels; boxboard (used for paper bags). These papers must be sorted before recycling. Newsprint and cardboard can be repulsed to make same material, while other types of scrap paper are recycled for use in low quality papers such as boxboard, tissues, and towels. Paper intended for printing grade products must be dinked (often using caustic soda) after pulping; for some uses the stock is bleached before pressing into sheets. Smaller amounts of recycled paper are made into cellulose insulation and other building products.<br />Bark, wood chips and lignin from saw mils, pulp mills, and paper mills are returned to soil as soil conditioners and fertilizers. The craft process of paper making produces a variety of liquid wastes that are sources of such valuable chemicals as turpentine, methyl alcohol, acetone, ethyl alcohol, and diethyl supplied. Sludge’s from pulp & paper manufacture and phosphate lime from fertilizer manufacture can be made into gypsum wallboard.<br /><br />Rubber: Rubber is also one of the most polluting materials. Though much of the used rubber was formerly burned, burning has been greatly curtailed to prevent air pollution.<br />Internal recycling is common in most rubber plants; the reprocessed rubber can be used wherever premium grade rubber is not needed. The destructive distillation of scrap rubber products may, however, allow the reclamation of valuable chemicals. External recycling has proved a problem over the years; the cost of recycling old or worn out tires and other such material has far exceeded the value of the reclaimed material.<br /><br />Glass: Glass makes up about 6 % by weight of the material in municipal waste streams.<br />Glass is an easily salvageable material, but one that is difficult to recover economically. Though enormous numbers of glass containers are used throughout the world, much of this glass is still not recycled, because the raw material are so inexpensive that there is scant economic motive to reuse them.<br />Another problem is that waste glass must be separated by color (i.e. clear, green, and brown) before it can be reused to make new glass containers. Despite these difficulties, anywhere from 35 to 90 % cullet ( broken or refused ) is currently used in glass production.<br /><br />Animal and Fish wastes : The large increase in livestock and poultry production, has created a problem of disposing of animal wastes.<br />Processing of animal wastes for use as a component of animal feeds has been under intensive study, along with research on use of wastes for large scale composting and on possible dehydration of wastes for use as garden fertilizer. The waste from commercial fisheries and processing plants, including parts of fish & shell fish, contains valuable oils and large amounts of protein. Methods have been developed for converting these proteins into animal food and for the production of a paraffin fuel oil from animal wastes.<br /><br />Ferrous Metals: These can be managed by internal as well as external methods. Metal cuttings or imperfect products are recycled by remolding, recasting, and redrawing entirely within steel mills. This process is cheaper than producing new metal from the basic ore.<br />Byproducts from the coke oven include organic compounds, hydrogen supplied, ammonia, which are purified and sold. Ammonia as an aqueous solution or combination with sulphuric acid which forms Ammonium sulphate is sold as fertilizer.<br />External recycling includes making of feed to electric arc and basic oxygen furnaces, from scrap steel.<br />One of the largest source of scrap steel is reprocessing of old automobile bodies, The average junked automobile contains about 62 % iron and steel , 28 % non ferrous metals and 10 % rubber, plastic, and textiles.<br />Parts such as carburetors and electrical components can be rebuilt and resold and the engine block is removed and melted down for recasting.<br />Automobile body is then crushed and flattened ; and then shredded to small pieces by hammer mills . Ferrous metals are then separated by powerful magnets and only the plastics , textiles & rubber are not reused . Some procedures are applied to washing machines , refrigerators , and other large steel or iron items.<br /><br />Other reuse : Once glass , plastics , and metals have been removed , what remains is essentially organic waste . This waste can be biologically decomposed and turned into humus , which is useful soil conditioner . Kitchen scraps , when decomposed with leaves and grass in a compost mound , make an especially useful soil amendment , which helps to reduce the amount of material contributed by households to landfills.<br /><br /><br />Thus if the solid wastes are properly managed it helps to protect human health and safeguard environmental quality . Proper waste treatment and disposal practices may thus prevent degradation of ecosystems and neighbourhoods.<br />So it is purely in our hands to save this environment and to lead a healthy life .<br /><br /><br />*************** !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ************</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">*****</span></span></span>Prasad Manoharhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08313238661117591025noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5238933334370147017.post-41492346182069395272007-02-03T21:46:00.007+05:302010-03-05T10:44:10.129+05:30Role of Youth in Controlling “HIV/AIDS “<div align="justify"><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Disease is a sickness of body or mind . It can be a mild as a soar throat or as serious as cancer or a heart attack . It can strike almost any part of the body and affect a persons mental and emotional health . There are different kinds of diseases like infectious, fungal, viral etc . Cancer , Tuberculosis , Brain Tumor , AIDS , etc are some of the diseases which are really deadly and life threatening . But among them AIDS is the most dangerous and threatening .<br /><br />AIDS stands for acquired immune deficiency syndrome . It is final, life threatening stage of infection with human immune deficiency virus {HIV}. AIDS refers to fact that HIV severely damages the immune system, the body, which is the most important defense against disease . Cases of AIDS were first identified in 1981 in America and since then millions of AIDS cases have been diagnosed world wide . </span></span></span></div><div align="justify" style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"></span></span></span></div><div align="justify" style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">AIDS is basically caused by two viruses that belong to a group called retro viruses . These viruses infect certain WBC’S including T helper cells & macrophages which play keyrole in the immune system . Basically , people who have been infected with HIV virus have to go through three stages of infection , which are ;<br /><br />1] acute retroviral stage & asymptomatic period<br />2] symptomatic HIV infection<br />3] AIDS<br /><br />Length of time any person stays in each stage varies greatly & depends upon many factors including medical treatment . AIDS can be transmitted during all the stages of infection , even when no symptom occurs . The acute retroviral stage gets flulike illness & usually goes away without any treatment . Second stage however may show mild or severe symptoms like rashes and dental illness , which may last from few months to many years . The progressive breakdown of immune system eventually leads to death usually within few years .<br /><br />If compared to other diseases like malaria, TB, pneumonia, AIDS is relatively a new disease that involves sex and drugs and mainly affects young adults . For this reason , it has created a widespread social concern. Some efforts to deal with AIDS or to prevent HIV transmission have provoked controversy . Seeing the severity of this disease to prevent its transmission, care centres nowadays tell doctors , dentists and other workers to wear gloves, masks, and other protective clothing during many examination. However even if such safe effective steps & other medical methods against HIV are taken , AIDS cases would still occur for many years. This is because millions of individuals in the youth are already infected with the disease . This worldwide problem has really put a challenge in front of scientists who are attempting to develop a vaccine to boost the immune system of individuals infected with HIV .<br /><br />The most important factor in transmission of HIV is the sexual contact between the youths . Due to excitement which is very common in todays youth , they have sexual contact with a number of partners . Thus if a youth has sexual contact with anyone who is or who might be infected with the virus he transmits it . Such stuff should be avoided . The most important and effective preventive strategy is to refrain from all the sexual intimacy or to restrict sexual intimacy to one uninfected person,who in turn has no other sexual partner . Most effective strategy to stay away from HIV/AIDS is to use condoms everytime during intercourse with a person who is infected with HIV or whose infection ststus is unknown . Young individuals can significantly reduce the risk of infection by using such protective measures during sex . They can also avoid it by not having sex with prostitutes , who have a number of sex partners & other high risk patients . But even then youth begin sexual activity at an early age , with many sex partners or have sex with prostitutes , without using condoms , and then face the consequences . Now what can one do with such individuals ??<br /><br />Education to such youths about AIDS , has hence become the chief approach to prevent infection . Some education institutions have even set up health clnics that give knowledge about use of condoms , to its students . However at many places such type of classroom discussion of condom use has been opposed . This is because , they feel it implies acceptance of sexual intimacy of marriage . Even the local and national government has understood the importance of giving education about AIDS and hence they have started public health clinics . These clinics offer counseling & HIV antibody testing to individuals who have symptoms or are at the risk of infection . Such health centres also provide funds for AIDS education , treatment & confidentially notify the infected persons sexual or needle sharing partners of their risk . Once notified , they too can receive preventive counseling tests and medical service . Todays youth also have the advantage of public awareness programmes started by international organizations like the RED CROSS ,which work to increase awareness of AIDS among young people . The youth should take all possible advantage of such programmes , to avoid that deadly menace , AIDS . By conducting such programmes , surely greater awareness can be created .<br /><br />Preventing drug abuse and educating young drug users about AIDS are important approaches to control HIV infection . Drug users share needles , syringes , towels , razors & other equipments . AZT reduces risk of transmission from an infected mother to her foetus or baby . Hence nowdays efforts are being made to educate drug users about health and sex education as well as needle & syringe exchange programmes . However these types of programmes have been criticized as seeming to imply acceptance of drug use . Now a days even stars and celebrities have helped raise public consciousness of AIDS . Many well known people have participated in education and fund raising efforts . The epidemic also has gained attention as a result of several well known people , including tennis star Arthur Ashe , ballet dancer Rudolf Nareyev becoming infected with HIV or dying from AIDS . Due to such awareness programmes , these days many individuals were a red ribbon to show support for people with AIDS .<br /><br />Some individuals infected with HIV have been injustly lost or denied education & jobs . To prevent such things , government has made laws . Preventing discrimination against AIDS patients is important not only for moral reasons but also to maintain public health . When people are’nt afraid of discrimination they are more likely to seek earlier couselling and to be tested for HIV infection. This leads to less risky behaviour & earlier diagnose .<br /><br />Thus if youth can understand the menace of AIDS clearly & can take steps to prevent its transmission , this evil can surely be wiped out of this world .<br /><br />*************** ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^*****************^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^<br /><br /></span></span></span></div><p style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"></span></span></span></p><p style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span></span></span></span></p><div align="justify"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></span><br /></div>Prasad Manoharhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08313238661117591025noreply@blogger.com4